An institution for the study of higher learning; a college or a university; typically a private school. [First attested in the mid 16th century.]
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The artists of London had long maintained a private academy for improvement in the art of drawing from living figures
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1760–5, Tobias Smollett, The history of England from the revolution in 1688, to the death of George II, published 1805, page 449:
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In this year 1633, I became acquainted with Nicholas Fiske, licentiate in physic, who was born in Suffolk, near Framingham* Castle, of very good parentage, who educated him at country schools, until he was fit for the university; but he went not to the academy, studying at home both astrology and physic, which he afterwards practised in Colchester; and there was well acquainted with Dr Gilbert, who wrote "De Magnete".
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1776, David Hume, The life of David Humehttp://books.google.com/books?id=0c5hLAjitzYC&pg=PA140&dq=inauthor:%22david+hume%22+%22academy%22+-%22French+academy%22+-intitle:History&hl=en&sa=X&ei=FekmT43AN8K00AG7zcHKCA&ved=0CF8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q&f=false: